Tips To Count The Usage of Paper per Year (English Version)

Did you know that to produce a number of papers, it takes a lot of wood with a diameter of 15-20 cm, high 40 meters, and water and energy? While the production process to produce a number of emissions and cesspool.

If you want to know how much environmental impact as a result of paper used each year, try to follow the steps below:
Choose waste paper that we use based on the type. For example: HVS paper, newsprint, or laminated paper (such as brochures / company profile)
Calculate the average use for each type of paper in 1 year (in kg or tons)
Then visit papercalculator.org
Enter the data above, and start counting
In fact, if we recycled the paper we have used, the environmental impact that we participated has reduced. In addition, the paper was given oxygen bleach (bleaching), in the process of production using wood, water, and energy far more than that of paper that do not use bleach.

Do not forget to keep working to reduce the used of paper!

What sort of wood is used for making paper?

The industry was once based almost entirely on softwoods such as spruce, pine, larch, fir and cedar. Now birch, aspen and other hardwoods occurring in temperate climates are used as an ideal raw material for processing into fluting for corrugated cases as well as printing and writing papers, whilst eucalyptus, originally occurring only in Australia and New Zealand, has been successfully cultivated in other warm climates (eg South America, Spain and Portugal) as raw material for high-quality pulp suitable for a wide range of papers. Nevertheless, softwoods provide longer fibres (average 3 mm compared with 1mm for hardwoods) and continue to be used for papers required to have the highest strength characteristics.

(taken from www.paperonline.org)

Make your own paper

All you need are the following household appliances and supplies:

- fine mesh wire screen (size: slightly bigger than a piece of A4 paper)
- 2 pieces of blotting paper
- basin or tray
- bowl
- laundry starch
- newspaper
- electric mixer
- rolling pin
- electric iron

Instructions:

Step 1:
Tear eight pages of the newspaper into small pieces and place in tray or basin with water. Soak for two hours, crunching the paper with your fingers. In a separate bowl, mix one tablespoon of instant starch with two cups of water. Add the starch and water mixture to the tray or basin containing the dissolved paper. Mix thoroughly with the electric mixer and add 10-15 litres of water, to create a pulp mixture. You can also add petals, leaves or pieces of coloured paper to decorate your paper.


Step 2:
Dip the wire screen into the tray with the pulp mixture. Remove slowly and allow the water to drain through the bottom of the screen. If you like, you could even build your own paper mould with a wooden frame to hold the wire screen.

Step 3:
Dry the screen and wet sheet of pulp between two pieces of blotting paper. The pulp sheet will stick to the blotting paper, allowing you to remove the wire from the sheet. Press or squeeze out excess water with the rolling pin.

Step 4:
Set your iron on a low setting. With the sheet still between the blotting papers, dry the paper carefully with the iron. Trim the edges of the sheet. Congratulations! You now have a sheet of your very own handmade paper.



(taken from www.paperonline.org)

Paper Grades and Products

Newsprint and magazine
- Newsprint: paper mainly used for printing newspapers. It is made largely from mechanical pulp and/or waste paper, with or without a small amount of filler. Weights usually range from 40 to 52g/m² but can be as high as 65g/m². Newsprint is machine-finished or slightly calendered, white or slightly coloured, and is used in reels for letterpress, offset or flexo printing.
- Magazine paper: this is uncoated mechanical paper, suitable for printing or other graphic purposes where less than 90% of the fibre furnish consists of chemical pulp fibres. This grade is also known as groundwood or wood-containing paper and magazine paper, such as heavily filled super-calendered paper for consumer magazines printed by the rotogravure and offset methods.
Printing and Writing Paper
- Writing paper: this is uncoated woodfree paper, suitable for printing or other graphic purposes, where at least 90% of the fibre furnish consists of chemical pulp fibres. Uncoated woodfree paper can be made from a variety of furnishes, with variable levels of mineral filler and a range of finishing processes such as sizing, calendering, machine-glazing and watermarking. This grade includes most office papers, such as business forms, copier, computer, stationery and book papers. Pigmented and size press “coated ” papers (coating less than 5g per side) are covered by this heading.
- Printing paper: also known as coated papers, is all paper suitable for printing or other graphic purposes and coated on one or both sides with minerals such as china clay (kaolin), calcium carbonate, etc. Coating may be done by a variety of methods, both on-machine and off-machine, and may be supplemented by super-calendering.
Sanitary and Household
This covers a wide range of tissue and other hygienic papers for use in households or on commercial and industrial premises. Examples are toilet paper and facial tissues, kitchen towels, hand towels and industrial wipes. Some tissue is also used in the manufacture of babies nappies, sanitary towels, etc. The parent reel stock is made from virgin pulp or recovered fibre or mixtures of these. It is reported in the production statistics at parent reel weight before conversion to finished products. Import and export statistics however take into account trade in both parent reels and finished products.
Paper based packaging materials and products
- Case Materials: paper and board mainly used in the manufacture of corrugated board. They are made from any combination of virgin and recovered fibres and can be bleached, unbleached or mottled. Included are kraftliner, testliner, semi-chemical fluting, and waste-based fluting (Wellenstoff).
- Folding Boxboard: often referred to as carton board, it may be single or multiply, coated or uncoated. It is made from virgin and/or recovered fibres, and has good folding properties, stiffness and scoring ability. It is mainly used in cartons for consumer products such as frozen food and for liquid containers.
- Wrappings (up to 150 g/m²): paper whose main use is wrapping or packaging made from any combination of virgin or recovered fibres, bleached or unbleached. They may be subject to various finishing and/or marking processes. Included are sack kraft, other wrapping krafts, sulphite and grease proof papers.
- Other papers mainly for packaging purposes: this category embraces all paper and board mainly for packaging purposes other than those listed above. Most are produced from recovered fibres, e.g. greyboard, and go to conversion, which in some cases may be for end-uses other than packaging.
Other-Specialized Papers
This category includes other paper and board for industrial and special purposes, including cigarette papers and filter papers, as well as gypsum liners and special papers for waxing, insulating, roofing, asphalting, and other specific applications or treatments.

(taken from www.paperonline.org)

FORESTRY

The forest is needed for its wood, which is the primary raw material required to make paper and wood-based products. Wood is a totally renewable raw material, and when transformed into a manufactured product it is natural, adaptable and recyclable.

The benefits of forests
Wood is one of the very few materials used by a major industry, which is infinitely self-renewing. Apart from the supply of industrial raw material, forests also:
- Soak up CO2 and produce oxygen, thereby helping to counteract the "Greenhouse effect";
- Help to stabilise the climate and water levels;
- Prevent soil erosion in the forest area;
- Store solar energy;
- Provide habitat for wildlife and plants;
- Offer recreational facilities.
Forests not only provide resources for industry, they also have a wide range of functions. They provide employment and income opportunities for rural communities and are valuable recreational and inspirational assets offering a beautiful landscape. Forests also contain a rich diversity of animals and plants whose habitats and environment need to be maintained. A mosaic of forest management of varying intensities, with multi-benefit silviculture, and diverse land-use planning are the means by which the sustainability goal can be achieved.

(taken from www.paperonline.org)

Paper recycling ( English Version )

So ... 
One way to reduce the use of paper is to recycle paper. Here's how to recycle paper. 

Recycled Paper 

Purpose 
Knowing how to recycle paper 

Tools and Materials 
1.Baskom (vessel) 
2.Paper Scissor
3.Iron 
4.Blender 
5.Rounded shaped wood frame with the terms of the four-size 15 x 20 cm 
6.Wood frame with the same size (15 x 20 cm) and given screen (mosquito netting or net bentos) 
7. Fabric or thick plastic overlay for the table 
8.Spons or a thick, dry foam 
9.Fabric that had used or the thick plastic 
10.Aquades
11. Paper’s glue  from the tapioca (starch glue) 
12. Unused paper such as newspaper, HVS, or paper gift 

How it works 
1.Torn paper may be small and then soaked in a basin. Make sure all the paper is completely submerged. 
2. After paper have been soaked for 1 day, tatters again soaked paper in it. If the type of thick paper such as cardboard, soaking is done for 2 days. For soaking the paper up to 24 hours, must often be the replacement of water, at least 6 hours to avoid the aroma of rotten paper and sting the nose. 
3. Destroy the soaked paper or destroyed it with a blender to make paper pulp. If using a blender, 1 cup soaked paper added with 2 glasses of water is entered into the blender. Do not fill glass blender more than half. Level of refinement pulp depending on the object will be created
4. Take the pulp which has been soaked as much as 250 grams of water, mixed with ten grams of starch glue and five liters of water in a basin or tub and poke to the average. If you want to produce recycled paper that is thin, the amount of water plus 1 liter again, otherwise if you want to recycle the paper thick 2 liters of water was reduced.
5. The process of printing paper using a 2 helping wood frame with an empty frame position located above, while the frame of the screen is located under the wood frame which is empty. However, the position of the screen should be facing upwards.

 6. Poke the dough in the pulp basin / tub, then soak the wood frame soon to the bucket, then lift to the surface.

 7. Leave mold frame a while over a bucket so that the remnants of water in the basin will to / vessel. After about 15 seconds the top of the frame can be taken carefully until there is only the frame on the screen. On the screen the pulp will obtained dough that is still rough.
8. Move the frame that contains a mix of paper to the table that had been coated fabric or thick plastic. Flip the frame’s position, make the pulp’s position touching the dough and stick to the cloth or plastic that has been inserted in the table directly, while the screen is at the top.
9. With thick and dry sponge or foam, do water suction on the screen repeatedly. Next, the screen frame can be lifted carefully than will be left out the dough on the paper or plastic cloth.  
10. Next, do the drying under the blazing sun until it has dried.
11. To get the paper tight and rigid, re-heating can be done with ironing the papers one by one.
12. Recycled paper can be made for party decorations or stationery that has a value selling.  
13. Create works of art from recycled paper and trying to sell it to your friends or neighbors.  


(Taken from Esis biology book 1^st grade)

Tips hitung dampak lingkungan akibat penggunaan kertas/ tahun

Tahukah bahwa untuk memproduksi sejumlah kertas, dibutuhkan banyak kayu dengan diameter 15-20 cm, tinggi 40 meter, kemudian air dan juga energi? Sementara untuk proses produksinya menghasilkan sejumlah emisi dan juga limbah.

Jika kita ingin tahu berapa besar dampak lingkungan akibat penggunaan kertas kita tiap tahun, coba ikuti langkah-langkah di bawah ini:

Pilah-pilah sampah kertas yang kita gunakan berdasarkan jenis. Misalnya: kertas HVS, kertas koran, atau kertas yang dilaminating (misalnya brosur/company profile)
Hitung rata-rata pengunaan kertas untuk tiap jenis dalam 1 tahun (dalam kg atau ton)
Kemudian kunjungi papercalculator.org
Masukkan data-data di atas, dan mulailah menghitung
Ternyata jika kertas yang sudah kita gunakan didaurulang, maka dampak lingkungan yang kita sumbangkan pun akan ikut berkurang. Selain itu, kertas yang diberikan zat pemutih (bleaching), pada proses produksinya menggunakan kayu, air dan energi jauh lebih banyak dibanding kertas yang tidak menggunakan pemutih.

Jangan lupa untuk terus berupaya mengurangi penggunaan kertas!

From : Green Tips